Recoil mechanism



s.-P,. JOHNSON. RECOIL MECHANISMf: VAPPLICATION FILED MAR12| 1920.

Patented May 31, 1921.

INVENTOR.

l' To` all 'whom t may concern:VV

a gTenade thrower r gunf xmms jsTUArtT -1=. JOHNSON, ,or WASHINGTON', DISTRICT or COLUMBIA.:

Vitricoir. MECHANISM.

` I Specification of Letters Patent.

. Y (FILED UNDER TH'E GT or MARCH 3, 1883, 2a STAT. 1..,'6255 Be it known that I, STUART P. JOHNSON a citizen ofthe UnitedStates, anda resident of'Washington, of the District'of (lolumbia, havev invented an Improvement in Recoil Mechanism, of which the following is a specication.

The invention described herein may be used'Y bythe Government,or any of its offieers or employees in prosecution of work for` the Government, or by any-l other lperson inl the United States, without payment to me of any royalty thereonj.

The 'subject of this invention is'an ordnance devicedesignedmore particularly as Because of the weight of the grenade Vorl projectile4 dischargedfrom4 devices of this character, the recoil is' so great that it is necessary to rest the stock or butt of the gun upon the ground or against some Xed support when firing the same. The shock due to the violent recoil will often breakor split the ordinary wooden gun stock and,

for this reason, metal stocks capable ,of being rested upon the ground were devisedc Resting the stock upon the ground when firing leads to inaccuracy ofaim and the heavy metal stock makes the device an unwieldy and cumbersome weapon.

The present invention is designed to overcome these defects and to provide a light firearm, the stock of which may be rested against the shoulder when the rearm is being discharged. Y

To this end the invention consists, generally, in a grenade thrower Vprovided with a recoil absorbing mechanism.

Specifically, the invention resides in a stock formed with telescoping tubular members held in normal extended position by a resilient element such as a coil-spring and provided with means for entrapping air within the members upon recoil to afford a cushioning effect to the shock of recoil.

With these and other objects in view, the invention resides in the novel arrangement and combination of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made Within the scope of what is claimed Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

invention is illustrated in the accompanying in laccordance with my invention; and V' F 1g. 2 1s an enlargeddetail view in vertical longitudinal section ofthe 'stock of thedevice.

refrencerhe lock casinoof an, Ordinar S rin "e eld riiie isindicrted generally by tliie merall and is provided with the usualy trigger 10a and the bolt 10b. v

The portion 10 has'connected tothe forward end thereof, in any desired ,v and usual' manner, a discharger 13. Connected` to. .the

y Patented May 31, 1921." 4 'Appliatiqn fiireaiiitumhV 12, 1920. serial Naeessa i i I A practical structure for carrying .out the` Referring to the drawing bynumeralsof reinar erstes.`

Flglire. l is@ View l Sdlelevatiompartly in section, of an ordnance device constructed'.

rear endv ofthe portion 10 is the stock of the i device, which consists in the tubular member 22 closed at its forward end and adapted to telescope within a tubular member 23 secured in a recess or bore formed in the Y shoulder stock 24;. Interposed between the tubular member 22 and the member 23 areV suitable fluid checks, herein shown as split 'rings 25 which encircle the member 22 and `are seated in annular grooves formed therein.

The rear end of the member 23 is closed by means of a disk 26 which is centrally apertured and threaded to receive` the threaded end 27 of a rod 28 which rod is angular in cross-section. The rod may be l locked in place by means of a lock-nut 29 which is threaded on the rearwardly extending end lof the threaded portion 27. The rod 28 extends forwardly into the tubular member 22 and passes through an `angular aperture formed in a Wall or disk 30 secured Within the member 22. By forming the rod 28 of angular cross-section and having it pass through a similarly formed aperture in' the wall 30 the shoulder stock 24 and tubular member 23 are held against rotation with respect to the tubular member 22 thus retaining the members in proper alinement.A

A piston 31 is connected by threading or otherwise to the forward end of the rod 28 and has a sliding fit within the tubular member 22. Fluid checks, such as the piston rings 32, may be interposed between the piston and the tubular member to prevent a too rapid escape of air or other fluid beyond the piston. YThe parts are retained in normal position by any suitable means such as a resilientVV element which is herein shown as a coil -spring 33 Which encircle'sl the rod 28 and is confined between the'disk 26 andthe disk or Wall30. A'plate 34 may Vbeprovided onthe rear end of the shoulder Y stock 24' and a ferrule 35 may Vencircle the forward end of the shoulderstock to protect Q the same against injury.

, Fromy the foregoing description and anV examination-bf the ldrawing itvvill bej seen that Ihavedevis'ed a right-line stock'of con# siderable strength and comparative lightness Whichwillpcrmit an ordnance `jde'vic'ef of this character to be fired from thegsboul-l Y der of the operator.

In practice the Ydevice operates in the-'Viollowing manner W hen a grenadeis discharged, thefreoofil forces the tubular member 22 intoV the member` 23 entrapping air Withinthe member 23 and'between the disks 26 and 30and also Withinl the member 22 and between the head' of 'said member and the piston This en; trapment of air 'causes aousbloning effect and reduces the shock offrecoil especially in view ofthe fact ythat'there is a small amountV of leakage of air. After recoil is complete,4

.the members are restored to normal position by. the expansive lforce of the spring 33.

HavingA described my invention, what I Vclaim asnew and desire VVto secure by Letters Patent, 1s

Y l; An ordnance device, includingfa `discharger, and ,a stock for sald dlscharger comprising 'a'tubular' member, a shoulder stock', a second tubular member secured in vthe stock Vifor'the reception of the first tubu- Vlar member with aslidinggitfapiston-con-` ber,ashoulder stock, asecondtubular mem-1 berseoured inthe shoulder for the reception o'ffthe irstvtubular.memberwith a sliding ft, a piston connectedto kthesecond Y tubular Vmember and" having la sliding fit in the rst tubular member and-means for normally retaining the :tubular :members-in eX tendedposition. Y 1 u Y STUART P. .JoHNsoN. 

